Rishi Sunak's flagship smoking ban has passed its first parliamentary hurdle despite opposition from within his cabinet - as Labour backed the bill.
Mr Sunak wants to raise the legal age to buy cigarettes annually in a bid to phase out the habit, as well as restrict the sales of vaping products.
Conservative MPs were given a free vote in the Commons this evening, meaning they were allowed to oppose the government if they wished without facing repercussions.
The House of Commons voted in favour of the plan by 383 votes to 67.
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There was a sizeable Tory rebellion and a significant number of abstentions.
Kemi Badenoch, the business and trade secretary and a former leadership contender, said she would not support the legislation before the vote.
Ms Badenoch - who has also been tipped to run to replace Mr Sunak if he loses the next election - said on social media that while she agrees with the plan's intentions, giving adults "born a day apart... permanently different rights" is an issue with the policy - as is the practicality of asking businesses to enforce it.
Anne Marie-Trevelyan, a Foreign Office minister, said she would not support the Tobacco and Vapes Bill.
And former immigration minister Robert Jenrick also signalled beforehand his intention to vote against the government's proposed smoking ban.
"I believe in personal freedom," he posted on X. "Let's educate more and ban less."
Other senior Conservatives - like former prime minister Liz Truss, former business secretary Sir Jacob Rees-Mogg and former home secretary Suella Braverman - all said before the vote they did not support the bill.
Another former Tory prime minister, Boris Johnson, has also criticised the plan - calling it "mad" and "nuts".
Labour MPs were whipped to support the prime minister's plans, with shadow health secretary Wes Streeting speaking in support of the policy in the Commons debate ahead of the vote.
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The arguments within the Conservative Party centred around whether the ban impinged on civil liberties at the cost of health.
Some, like current Health Secretary Victoria Atkins and former office holder Sajid Javid, said smoking removes choice as young people get addicted and can't choose to stop - before noting the high costs to the NHS caused by smokers.
Smoking kills about 80,000 people a year and costs the NHS and the economy an estimated £17bn annually.
The other side of the argument - put forward by the likes of former prime minister Ms Truss - said the bill would limit people's freedoms, and that trying to protect people from themselves is problematic, before warning of potential further bans on products like alcohol and sugar.
Mr Sunak announced his plans at his party's conference in Manchester last year, saying it would mean someone aged 14 would "never legally be sold a cigarette and that they and their generation can grow up smoke-free".
On vapes, he stated his desire to restrict the way they are marketed, including looking at flavours, packaging displays and disposable vapes.
At the time, a similar plan for a rising smoking age ban in New Zealand was touted as an example for the UK to follow - but this restriction was scrapped before it came into force in the country.
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Today marked the second reading of the smoking bill, and so the first time the whole House of Commons voted on it.
It will now be considered and potentially amended by MPs, before also going through scrutiny in the House of Lords.
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